One general greeting or one per holiday?
You have two options. A general holiday greeting names no specific day and lasts for years: record once, done. A specific greeting ("due to the national holiday") sounds more personal but needs its own recording per holiday. For most businesses the general version is the sensible base, possibly with a specific one for the Christmas period.
“Welcome to [company name]. We are closed today for a public holiday. We will be back for you on the next business day. Feel free to leave a message and we will call you back then.”
“Welcome to [company name]. We are closed from [date] until [date]. We will be available again from [date]. We wish you a wonderful holiday season and a happy new year.”
Let your phone system do the work
Many business phone systems have a time or calendar schedule in which you can set public holidays in advance: on those days the holiday greeting plays automatically, and everything switches back by itself afterwards. Ask your administrator or telecom partner whether your system supports this. That way, one session in January covers the whole year.
Getting ahead of the December rush
The Christmas period is the only closure that usually lasts longer than a day. Treat it as a short holiday: a greeting with concrete dates, an alternative for urgent matters, and the same message in your email auto-reply and on your Google Business Profile. Arrange it in November; in the second half of December you will have other things on your mind.